2018医学 考博英语 作文常用句型：如何表达数量关系
从广义上讲，数量关系也是比较关系，也与后面的“增加”、“减少”的句型密切相关。单独列为一个意念功能，是希望大家注意数量的正确表达。这种句型在图表作文中运用得很多，在摘要写作中，主要用来提供一些重要证据。大家如果掌握得好，在必要的情况下运用可以提高摘要的质量，如果掌握得不好，可以尽量回避。
基本句型
be X times / X% as + 形容词或副词 + as sth.
decrease X times / X% as + 形容词或副词 + sth.
increase X times / X% as +形容词或副词 + sth.
do sth. X times / X% as + 形容词或副词 + sth.
动词词组
account for /add up to / amount to / come (数量总计)
decrease / drop / fall / increase / rise from … to … (数量增减)
decrease / drop / fall / increase / rise (by) X times / X% (数量增减)
名词词组
a drop / an increase in sth.
the proportion / ratio of sth. to sth.
例句
1. 2003年的门诊量比上一年增加了67%，达到15,000多人。
Compared with those of last year, the annual outpatients of 2003 increased / rose / went up / grew by 67%, amounting to 15,000.
Compared with those of last year, there was a 67% increase in 2003’s outpatients, coming to 15,000.
The annual outpatients of 2003 increased / rose/ went up/ grew by 67% of those of last year, adding up to 15,000.
2. 人均寿命在经济更发达的国家更长一些。日本上报的人均寿命最长，达78岁，其次是加拿大，76岁。
The average life expectancy was longer among / in the more developed countries. The longest one was reported by Japan, 78. It was followed by Canada’s, 76.
The average life expectancy was longer among / in the more developed countries. Japan reported the longest life expectancy, 78. This was followed by Canada, 76.
3. 该市2004年的人均医疗支出是改革开放刚开始时1978年的30多倍。
The average medical expenses of people in that city in 2004 are over 30 times as great/high as in 1978 when the reform and open policy began.
The average medical expenses of people in that city in 2004 are over 30 times greater/higher than (those) in 1978 when the reform and open policy began.
The average medical expenses of people in that city in 2004 have increased over 30 times, compared with (those in) 1978 when the reform and open policy began.
4. 每周饮酒次数为3次以上的妇女患乳腺癌的危险可增加30%至100%。
A woman who has 3 or more alcoholic drinks each week may increase her danger of breast cancer between 30% and 100%.
The danger of breast cancer for a woman who has 3 or more alcoholic drinks each week may be increased between 30% and 100%.
The danger of breast cancer for a woman who has 3 or more alcoholic drinks each week may be between 30% and 100% greater than (that of) one who does not.
5. 三级医院治疗的病人平均为一级医院的234% / 两倍 / 一半。
On average, a Grade Three hospital treats/deals with 234% / twice / half as many patients as a Grade One hospital.
On average, patients treated/deals with by a Grade Three hospital are 234% / twice / half as many as those by a Grade One hospital.
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